PDF/A-1b with transparency, flattened

PDF/A-1 forbids transparency. With TransparencyPolicy.Flatten each translucent element below is rendered, with what is behind it, into an opaque bitmap; the rest of the page stays vector, and the text stays selectable.

rgba background over a gradient
opacity .45 group with text
box-shadow with blur
mix-blend-mode multiply

Half-transparent text