Each pair below is the same ink recipe: the left swatch is authored with device-cmyk() and reaches the PDF as a real DeviceCMYK operator; the right swatch is the equivalent RGB color, staying ordinary DeviceRGB on the very same page - PDF's own mixed-color-space document support, not a whole-document conversion.
A gradient whose stops are all device-cmyk() interpolates directly in C/M/Y/K space (issue #1090's follow-up), the same way an all-RGB gradient interpolates in RGB space - written as a real /DeviceCMYK shading, not approximated.